Ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 - Theme 8: Natural Disasters - Lesson 2

THEME 8: NATURAL DISASTERS
LESSON 2
I.New words:
1. flood (n)
2. tsunami (n)
3. storm (n)
4. destroy (v)
à destruction (n)
5. earthquake (n)
6. natural disaster (n) 
7. hurt (v)
II. Listening: P. 74
III. Useful language: P.74
III. Grammar: THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ( THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH)
1. Câu khẳng định
Ký hiệu: V3 (Là quá khứ phân từ của động từ. Ví dụ: động từ “go” có quá khứ phân từ hay V3 là “gone”)
Form
S + have/ has + V3/ed
He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít / Danh từ không đếm được + has + V3/ed
I/ We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + have + V3/ed
Ex:
I have watched TV for two hours. (Tôi xem TV được 2 tiếng rồi).
2. Câu phủ định
Form
S + have/ has not + V3
He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít / Danh từ không đếm được + has + not + V3
I/ We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + have + not + V3
Note
has not = hasn’t
have not = haven’t
Ex:
- She has not prepared for dinner since 6.30 p.m. (Cô ấy vẫn chưa chuẩn bị cho bữa tối)
- We haven’t met each other for a long time. (Chúng tôi không gặp nhau trong một thời gian dài rồi.)
3. Câu nghi vấn
Câu nghi vấn sử dụng trợ động từ (Câu hỏi Yes/ No)
Form
Question : Have/ has + S + V3?
Answer: Yes, S + have/has + V3.
No, S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3.
Ex:
 - Question : Have you ever travelled to America? (Bạn đã từng du lịch tới Mỹ bao giờ chưa?)
   Answer:Yes, I have/ No, I haven’t.
 - Question : Has she arrived in London yet? (Cô ấy đã tới London chưa?)
   Answer :Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.
Câu nghi vấn sử dụng từ hỏi bắt đầu bằng Wh-
Form
Wh- + have/ has + S + V3/ed?
Ex:
- What have you done with these ingredients? (Bạn đang làm gì vậy)
 DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành có các dấu hiệu nhận biết như sau:
Just = Recently =  Lately: gần đây, vừa mới
Already:rồi
Before:trước đây
Ever:đã từng
Never:chưa từng, không bao giờ
For + quãng thời gian:trong khoảng (for a year, for a long time, )
Since + mốc thời gian:từ khi (since 1992, since June,...)
Yet:chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi)
So far = Until now = Up to now = Up to the present:cho đến bây giờ
CÁCH SỬ DỤNG THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại.
LUYỆN TẬP
Exercise 1: Cho dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc.
1. He (be). at his computer for seven hours.
2. She (not/have) any fun a long time.
3. My father (not/ play).. any sport since last year.
4. I’d better have a shower. I (not/have). one since Thursday.
5. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see). each other for five years.
6. I just (realize)... that there are only four weeks to the end of term.
7. She (finish) ... reading two books this week. 
8. How long.. (you/know). each other?
9. .(You/ take) many photographs?
10. He (eat). at the King Power Hotel yet?
11. They (live) .here all their life..
12. How many bottles the milkman (leave) .? He (leave) .. six.
13. I (buy). a new carpet. Come and look at it.
14. She (write).. three books about her wild life.
15. We (finish) one English course.
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Exercise 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. This last time she came back to her hometown was 4 years ago.
=> She hasn't............................................................................................................
2. He started working as a bank clerk 3 months ago.
=> He has.................................................................................................................
3. It has been 5 years since we first flew to Singapore.
=> We have................................................................................................................
4. I last had my hair cut in November.
=> I haven't................................................................................................................
5. The last time we called each other was 5 months ago.
=> We haven't.............................................................................................................
6. It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't.............................................................................................................
7. When did you have it?
=> How long...........................................................................................................?
8. This is the first time I had such a delicious meal.
=> I have never................................................................................................................
9. I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last................................................................................................................
10. To day is Saturday. I haven't taken a bath since Wednesday.
=> It is........................................................................................................................
Exercise 3: Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng.
1. I haven’t cutted my hair since last June.
..
2. She has not working as a teacher for almost 5 years.
..
3. The lesson haven’t started yet.
..
4. Has the cat eat yet?
..
5. I am worried that I hasn’t still finished my homework yet.
..
6. I have just decidedto start working next week.
..
7. He has been at his computer since seven hours.
..
8. She hasn’t receivedany good news since a long time.
..
9.My father hasn’t playedany sport for last year.
..
10. I’d better have a shower. I hasn’t hadone since Thursday.
..
Exercise 4: Chia các động từ sau ở thì phù hợp. (Sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. My father (not/ play).. any sport since last year.
2. Some people (attend).............the meeting right now.
3. I’d better have a shower. I (not/have)one since Thursday.
4. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see)each other for five years.
5. Where is your mother? She...........................(have) dinner in the kitchen.
6. Why are all these people here? What (happen)................................?
7. I.just (realize)... that there are only four weeks to the end of term.
8. She (finish) ... reading two books this week. 
9. At present, he (compose)........................a piece of music.
10. We (have)........................dinner in a restaurant right now.
Exercise 5: Viết lại những câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. She started to live in Hanoi 2 years ago. (for)
->  
2. He began to study  English when he was young. (since)
->  
3. I have never eaten this kind of food before. (This is)
->  
4. I have never seen such a beautiful girl before. (She is)
->  
5. This is the best novel I have ever read. (before)
->  
Exercise 6: Viết lại các câu sau dựa trên các từ cho sẵn có sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
1. We/ not eat/ out/ since/ mom’s birthday.
..
2. How/ long/ you/ live/ here?
..
3. You/ ever/ been/ Russia?
..
4. She/ not/ meet/ kids/ since Christmas.
..
5. They/ repair/ lamps/ yet?
..
III. ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 1: Cho dạng đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc.
1. has been
2. hasn’t had
3. hasn’t played
4. haven’t had
5. haven’t seen
6. haverealized
7. has finished
8. haveknown
9. Have you taken
10. Has he eaten
11. have lived
12. hasleft; has left/ left
13. have bought
14. has written
15. have finished
Exercise 2: Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. She hasn't come back home for 4 years.
2. He has worked as a bank clerk for 3 months.
3. We have not flown to Singapore for 5 years.
4. I haven't had my hair cut since November.
5. We haven't called each other for 5 months.
6. We haven't met each other for a long time.
7. How long have you had it?
8. I have never had such a delicious meal.
9. The last time I saw him was 8 days ago.
10. Today is Saturday. I haven't taken a bath since Wednesday.
(It is three days since I last took a bath.)
Exercise 3: Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai. Tìm và sửa chúng.
1. cutted => cut
2. working => worked
3. haven’t => hasn’t
4. eat => eaten
5. hasn’t => haven’t
6. (Ko sai)
7. since => for
8. since => for
9. for => since
10. hasn’t => haven’t
Exercise 4: Chia các động từ sau ở thì phù hợp. (Sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. hasn’t played
2. are attending
3. haven’t had
4. haven’t seen
5. is having
6. is happening
7. have just realized
8. has finished
9. is composing
10. are having
Exercise 5: Viết lại những câu sau sao cho nghĩa không đổi.
1. She has lived in Hanoi for 2 years.
2. He has studied English since he was a young man.
3. This is the first time that I have ever eaten this kind of food.
4. She is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
5. I have never read such a good novel before.
Exercise 6: Viết lại các câu sau dựa trên các từ cho sẵn có sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành.
1. We haven’t eaten out since mom’s birthday.
2. How long have you lived here?
3. Have you ever been to Russia?
4. She hasn’t met her kids since Christmas.
5. Have they repaired the lamps yet?